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Java XML validation with schema code examples 

Dr. Xi
Joined:
04/09/2007
Posts:
753

April 26, 2011 21:25:55    Last update: April 27, 2011 11:08:57
  1. The following code validates a web.xml file against the web-app 2.5 schema: 
    // Java XML validation with schema
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
import javax.xml.XMLConstants;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamSource;
import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
import javax.xml.validation.SchemaFactory;
import javax.xml.validation.Schema;
import javax.xml.validation.Validator;
import javax.xml.parsers.*;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;

public class XMLValidation {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
	String xmlFile = "web.xml";
	URL schemaUrl = new URL("http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"); 

	// Create schema
	SchemaFactory xsdFactory = SchemaFactory.newInstance(XMLConstants.W3C_XML_SCHEMA_NS_URI);
	Schema schema = xsdFactory.newSchema(schemaUrl);

	// validate
	Validator validator = schema.newValidator();
	validator.validate(
	    new StreamSource(new File(xmlFile))
	);

	/* Alternative validation with DOMSource
	DocumentBuilder parser = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance().newDocumentBuilder();
	Document document = parser.parse(new File(xmlFile));
	validator.validate(new DOMSource(document));
	*/
    }
}


    web.xml used for testing: 
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 
	 http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" 
         version="2.5"> 

        <!-- Appliocation name and description --> 
        <display-name>Example App</display-name> 
        <description>A web.xml example</description> 

        <!-- Set session timeout to 30 minutes --> 
        <session-config> 
            <session-timeout>30</session-timeout> 
        </session-config> 

        <!-- Servlets -->
        <servlet>
            <servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
            <servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class>
            <init-param>
                <param-name>config</param-name>
                <param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml</param-value>
            </init-param>
            <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
        </servlet>

        <!-- Servlet mappings -->
        <servlet-mapping>
            <servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
            <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
        </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>


  2. According to Java API doc, validation can also be done while parsing by calling setSchema on the parsing factory. However, validation doesn't work for the SAXParserFactory! 
    // Java XML validation with schema
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
import javax.xml.XMLConstants;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamSource;
import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
import javax.xml.validation.SchemaFactory;
import javax.xml.validation.Schema;
import javax.xml.validation.Validator;
import javax.xml.parsers.*;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;

public class XMLValidation2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
	String xmlFile = "persistence.xml";
	URL schemaUrl = new URL("http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_1_0.xsd"); 

	// Create schema
	SchemaFactory xsdFactory = SchemaFactory.newInstance(XMLConstants.W3C_XML_SCHEMA_NS_URI);
	Schema schema = xsdFactory.newSchema(schemaUrl);

	// parse and validate
	DocumentBuilderFactory df = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
	df.setValidating(false);
	df.setNamespaceAware(true);
	df.setSchema(schema);
	DocumentBuilder builder = df.newDocumentBuilder();
	Document doc = builder.parse(new File(xmlFile));

	/* Contrary to the documentationm, this does not work (for JDK 1.5 and JDK 1.6)!
	SAXParserFactory pf = SAXParserFactory.newInstance();
	pf.setValidating(false);
	pf.setNamespaceAware(true);
	pf.setSchema(schema);

	SAXParser p = pf.newSAXParser();
	p.parse(new File(xmlFile), new org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler());
	*/
    }
}

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