You can add custom implicit variables to JSF pages by using a custom EL resolver, in two simple steps: Write an ELResolver class to resolve the variable Add the ELResolver to faces-config.xml Starting from the Maven Hello World example: Add faces API and EL dependencies to pom.xml : <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>o... Add a simple greeter class ( src/main/java/com/example/Greeter.java ): package com.example; public class Greeter {... Add our custom EL resolver ( src/main/java/com/example/ELResolver.java ): package com.example; import java.util.Itera... Add the custom EL resolver to src/main/resources/META-INF/faces-config.xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <faces-c... Build JAR with mvn package Drop the JAR into WEB-INF/lib of a webapp and test the new EL with: <h:outputText value="#{Greeter.sayHi('Mike')}"/> Fixed: the setValue method used to throw an exception, which is wrong. @Override public void setValue(ELContext ctx, O......

This is an example that uses tag handler, UI component and renderer together to support a custom taglib. The main purpose is to show how these components play together. The tag renders <ui:param name="extra" value="el interpreted"/> ... as <h3>my:foreach</h3> <ul class="css class" extra... These are the files: The tag handler ( src/main/java/com/example/ForeachTagHandler.java ): package com.example; import java.util.Map; ... The UI component ( src/main/java/com/example/UIForeach.java ): package com.example; import java.io.IOExcep... The renderer ( src/main/java/com/example/ForeachRenderer.java ): package com.example; import java.io.IOExcep... Faces config ( src/main/resources/META-INF/faces-config.xml ): <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <faces-c... Taglib config ( src/main/resources/META-INF/foreach.taglib.xml ): <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <facelet...

In the simple taglib example , I used a tag handler class to implement a taglib. This is an example to implement a taglib with a UI component. The purpose is to use a custom tag to split a string and print each part in a separate paragraph, i.e., print <p>john</p> <p>steve</p> <p>mike</p> with custom tag <my:foreach> : <my:foreach var="who" value="john steve mike"> ... These are the files: pom.xml <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"... src/main/java/com/example/UIForeash.java : package com.example; import java.io.IOExcep... src/main/resources/META-INF/faces-config.xml : <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <faces-c... src/main/resources/META-INF/foreach.taglib.xml : <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <facelet... How to use: Put the JAR file generated by the above project in the WEB-INF/lib folder of the web app. If the web app is a Maven project, just add the taglib project as a dependency:...

Summarized from The C Book : There are essentially two types of object in C: the internal and external objects. Anything declared outside a function is external; anything inside one, including its formal parameters, is internal. Since no function can be defined inside another, functions are always external. All function declarations implicitly have the extern keyword stuck in front of them, whether or not you put it there. These two declaearions are equivalent: void some_function(void); extern void some_func... The term linkage is used to describe the accessibility of objects from one file to another. There are three types of linkage: external , internal , and no linkage . Type of linkage Type of object Accessibility external external Across files, througout the program internal external Within...

This is a utility to convert a string value to one of the primitive type values. It is useful in Java reflection code where the value comes in as a string (e.g., from XML parsing), and the type of the value cannot be decided until runtime. import java.util.*; import java.lang.reflect.*;... Note: This method can be extended to convert string to more complex types by writing a converter for the destination type. For example, to convert string to date: public class DateConverter { public static ... Usage: Date d = (Date) ConvertUtil.convert("10/12/2010", ...

import java.lang.reflect.Method; public cla...

Java reflection with Apache beanutils example. import org.apache.commons.beanutils.MethodUtils; ...

The String.format() method provides versatile formatting capabilities. This tutorial tries to present these capabilities in a accessible manner. The format string A format string can contain zero, one, or more format specifiers . The general form of a format specifier is: %[argument_index$] [flags] [width] [.precision]co... where things in square brackets are optional, and conversion is a character indicating the conversion to be applied to the corresponding variable value. The only required characters in the format specifier is the percent sign % and the conversion character. A simple example: public static void simpleFormat() { System.out... The Argument index The argument index is specified by a number, terminated by the dollar sign $ . The same argument may be repeated multiple times in a format string. Unindexed...

Python defines a long list of special methods to customize class behavior. This is a short list for the Basic Customizations . Method Description object.__new__(cls[, ...]) Called to create a new instance of class cls. __new__() is a static method (special-cased so you need not declare it as such) that takes the class of which an instance was requested as its first argument. __new__() is intended mainly to allow subclasses of immutable types (like int, str, or tuple) to customize instance creation. It is also commonly overridden in custom metaclasses in order to customize class creation. object.__init__(self[,...]) Called when the instance is created. The arguments are those passed to the class constructor expression. If a base class has an __init__() method, the derived class’s __init__()...

Create the stuff you want to manufacture with the factory: package tc.demo; public class Junk { ... Create the factory: package tc.demo; import java.util.Enumerati... Tell Tomcat to use your factory. Create file context.xml and put it under the directory META-INF of your web application: <Context> <Resource name="/find/junk/here" ... Note that beside name , type and factory , you can put any arbitrary attribute in the Resource element. Access the thing with JNDI: <%@page language="java" import="javax.naming.*,tc.... The server side log looked like this: INFO: jndiName: here INFO: name: scope, value: ... Also note that, in contrast to Tomcat documentation , resource-ref is not needed in web.xml .