You can use the system call from the os module to execute an external program: >>> import os >>> os.system(the_command_line_st... However, the path to the executable contains a space character, the system call treats the strings after the first space as arguments, causing an error. Python doc recommends the use of the subprocess module: The subprocess module provides more powerful facilities for spawning new processes and retrieving their results; using that module is preferable to using this function. For example, using wget to get the google home page: >>> from subprocess import Popen, PIPE >>> (out... or >>> import subprocess >>> subprocess.call(['cur...

Use the PHP function method_exists to check if the class or object has a certain method. It returns TRUE if the method exists (even when the value of the property is NULL), FALSE if the method does not exist. Example: <?php class A { var $p = 'A property'; ... Outputs: Class A has method f1: bool(true) Object $a has... Also note that C++-like method overloading does not exist in PHP. Thus there's no ambiguity about which version of the method exists, i.e., with no argument, with one argument... etc. The following code generates Fatal error: <?php class A { var $p = 'A property'; ...

Use the PHP function property_exists to check if the class or object has a certain property. It returns TRUE if the property exists (even when the value of the property is NULL), FALSE if the property does not exist, or NULL in case of an error. Example: <?php class A { var $p = 'A property'; ... Outputs: Class A has property $p: bool(false) Class A ha...

The PHP constant __FILE__ is the current file name, __LINE__ is the current line number. These can be helpful writing error logs. <?php // __LINE__ is the current line numbe... Outputs: Current file is C:\scrap\test2.php, current line n...

C:\tmp>keytool -printcert -file CERT.pem keytoo...

This utility class retrieves SSL certificates from the server and print them out to the stdout. The output can be saved to a file and imported to a Java keystore. This is useful in your test environment where the SSL certificate is self-signed. import java.io.InputStream; import java.io.Outp... Retrieve and import the a certificate: E:\test>java RetrieveSSLCert 192.168.69.144 8081 >...

grep is a versatile command with many variations (grep, egrep, fgrep, then various implementations). It uses a regula expression (regex) pattern to filter input. But then there are basic and extended flavors of regex - leading to even more confusion. And, beware that there are lots of bad examples of regex in the wild... There are two critical questions to ask when you use grep: which grep implementation are you using? what is the flavor of the regex? Here are some examples for gnu grep v2.7: # Find all numbers (no decimal point), basic regex... Use the -o flag to show only the matching part instead of the whole matching line: grep -o -E '\b[0-9]{2}\b' The good thing about the gnu grep is that it...

Some peculiarities about Java PrintWriter: PrintWriter never throws any exceptions. From JavaDoc : Methods in this class never throw I/O exceptions, although some of its constructors may. The client may inquire as to whether any errors have occurred by invoking checkError(). When error occurs, you'll never know anything more than that it occured, because checkError returns boolean. When a character is out of the range of the character encoding of the PrintWriter, it prints a question mark (?). But this is not an error. Test code: import java.io.*; public class TestPrintWri... Latin1 test result: java TestPrintWriter iso-8859-1 | od -bc 000000... UTF-8 test result: java TestPrintWriter utf-8 | od -bc 0000000 141... Also, the constructor throws a FileNotFoundException when you try to write to a...

With JBoss (Tomcat?), the servlet container always appends the default charset ISO-8859-1 to the Content-Type header of a JSP response. For example, if you are using JSP to render PDF and put the following declaration at the top of the JSP: <%@ page contentType="application/pdf"%> These would be the headers in the HTTP response (notice that charset=ISO-8859-1 was appended to Content-Type ): HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server: Apache-Coyote/1.1 X-... And the output would be truncated a few bytes before non-ASCII characters were encountered, without any error messages ! Maybe you don't intend to output binary files with JSP, but still your response would be truncated without warning if the page happens to contain any non-ASCII characters (when the charset is the default charset=ISO-8859-1 ). However, if you...

Variable Meaning $_ The default or implicit variable. @_ Within a subroutine the array @_ contains the parameters passed to that subroutine. $a, $b Special package variables when using sort() $<digit> Contains the subpattern from the corresponding set of capturing parentheses from the last pattern match, not counting patterns matched in nested blocks that have been exited already. $. Current line number for the last filehandle accessed. $/ The input record separator, newline by default. $| If set to nonzero, forces a flush right away and after every write or print on the currently selected output channel. Default is 0 (regardless of whether the channel is really buffered by the system or not; $| tells you only whether you've asked Perl explicitly to flush after...